- Y 型過濾器介紹與運作原理
Y 型過濾器 (Y filter: 又稱 Y strainers Y型攔污器 )，顧名思義 ，它的行狀與結構是呈英文字母 Y 的行狀。是一個液體輸送管道中，尤其是污水排放系統，用來過濾/攔截固體雜質或物體，讓流體流動順暢的一個很實用的裝置。
應用上，Y 型過濾器是與液體管道流動方向
Y型水過濾器是水和水管道中最有用和重要的部件，特別是在EPA（環境保護局）廢水處理系統中。
過濾器組件的類型是由其”Y”形結構和設計功能製成的。
在管道系統內，由於其特有的”Y”形狀，名稱來源於此，因此很容易識別。
Products
The principle of operation of the Y filter
Y型過濾器是液壓系統中的重要部件，由於其名稱來源於其特有的”Y”形狀，因此易於識別。 顧名思義，其作用是過濾系統中存在的流體，以消除可能遇到的雜質，碎片和其他固體元素。 特別是，過濾網密度越大，可以捕獲的顆粒和灰塵就越小，因此，對流體的清潔越好。
Y型過濾器的工作原理
通常，液體從距離過濾器最遠的端部進入，在進入下一個管道之前，被迫穿過網格並被過濾。 重力是Y過濾器如何工作的核心。 事實上，在組裝這些部件時，必須考慮到過濾器所表徵的導數必須位於底部，以便過濾後的東西沉積在底部，並且隨後不會重新進入循環，從而抑制過濾器本身的操作。
需要考慮的一個重要方面是過濾器的更換和清潔。 要做到這一點，必須有設備來中斷流向過濾器區域，例如閘閥:事實上，這些組件允許維護，而無需清空系統。 否則，也可以構建具有旁路的系統，以便在每次過濾器進行此類清潔操作時使用。
Y 過濾器的組件
Y濾波器的組件很少，但對其正常運行是必要的:
- 主體:是過濾器的支撐結構。 它由不鏽鋼製成，通過噴砂和酸洗操作保證了表面光潔度。
- 蓋子:關閉過濾器的導出，是方便插入和更換後者的必要條件。 它也是由不鏽鋼製成的，並且受到相同的表面操作。
- 墊片;
- 過濾器:它是組件的基本元素，也給它起了名字。
- 螺絲:需要關閉蓋子。
- 蓋子:需要關閉蓋子上的過濾器。
Y filters are important components within a hydraulic system and are easily recognizable thanks to their characteristic “Y” shape from which the name derives. Their role is, as the name itself implies, to filter the fluid present inside a system in order to eliminate impurities, fragments and other solid elements that may be encountered. In particular, the denser the filter mesh, the smaller the particles and dust that can be captured by it and, therefore, the better the cleaning of the fluid.
Generally, the liquid enters from the end furthest from the filter and, before proceeding on its way to the next pipe, is forced to cross the mesh and be filtered. Gravity is at the heart of how the Y filter works. In fact, when assembling these components, it must be taken into account that the derivation characterized by the filter must be positioned at the bottom so that what is filtered is deposited on the bottom and does not subsequently re-enter the circulation, inhibiting the operation of the filter itself.
An important aspect to consider is the replacement and cleaning of the filter. To do this, it is necessary that there are devices for interrupting the flow towards the filter area such as, for example, the gate valves: in fact, these components allow maintenance without emptying the system. Otherwise, it is also possible to build systems with bypasses to be used every time the filter is subjected to such cleaning operations.
The components of the Y filter
The components of a Y filter are few, but necessary for its correct functioning:
– Body: it is the supporting structure of the filter. It is made of stainless steel and the finish is guaranteed by sandblasting and pickling operations.
– Lid: closes the derivation of the filter and is necessary to facilitate the insertion and replacement of the latter. It is made of stainless steel as well and is subjected to the same surface operations.
– Gasket;
– Filter: it is the fundamental element of the component that also gives it its name.
– Screws: needed to close the lid.
– Cap: required to close the filter at the lid.
Technical and operating characteristics of the Y filters
In the Intertubi catalog there are two different models of Y filters. The main distinction is given by the type of connection with the rest of the system: in fact, the first model is flanged (according to DIN 2501 PN16) while the second model is threaded (according to EN 10226-1). Other differences can be found by comparing the pressure drop diagrams in relation to the flow rate of fluid inside the filter. The maximum and minimum temperatures are the same, which means that operation is guaranteed between -30 ° C and 240 ° C. The maximum operating pressure for the first model is 16 bar, while the maximum pressure for the second model is 40 bar.
The importance of the maintenance of Y filters
Maintenance represents a fundamental phase in the life of any mechanical component even if, unfortunately, it is usually little considered and is often neglected, leading to consequences of even considerable importance that can cause significant damage to buildings, machinery and persons. Establishing an ordinary maintenance plan, in addition to any extraordinary interventions, allows you to extend the useful life of any component and, among these, also of the Y filters.
In fact, the Y filters play a central role within the systems because they allow the elimination of particles and impurities that are present within the fluid. The meshes present for the filter are typically 400-500 micrometers in size: denser meshes can be inefficient because they are more sensitive to clogging and causing ever greater pressure drops. It is precisely in this context that the importance of carrying out targeted and continuous maintenance over time emerges: the replacement and cleaning of the filters allows to maintain a great filtering power by limiting the degradation effects that can involve both the Y filter itself and all the components of the circuit downstream from it.
How to evaluate when to carry out cleaning operations? Going to evaluate the pressure losses during the passage through the use of a pressure gauge that evaluates the flow pressure of the water at the inlet and outlet of the filter.
A Y strainer mechanically removes solids and other particles when fluid flows through it. They are essential in numerous fluid control applications to ensure that particles within the fluid do not negatively affect any downstream component. In this article, we will review their design, use cases, how to size the mesh filter, materials, and how to clean them.
Table of contents
Why use a Y strainer?
Y strainer design
Sizing the mesh filter for a Y strainer
Material options
How to install a Y strainer
How to clean a Y strainer
Y strainer selection criteria
Typical Y strainer applications
FAQs
View our online selection of Y strainers and order today!
Brass Y-Strainers
Stainless Steel Y-Strainers
Why use a Y strainer?
Y strainers are generally necessary for processes that require clean fluids. While clean fluids can help maximize the reliability and lifespan of any mechanical system, they are critical with solenoid valve types because they are very sensitive to dirt. Any solids entering the stream can disrupt and even damage the entire system. In addition to protecting the performance of solenoid valves, they also help safeguard other types of mechanical equipment, including:
Pumps
Turbines
Spray nozzles
Heat exchangers
Condensers
Steam traps
Meters
A simple Y strainer can keep these components, which are some of the most valuable and expensive parts of the pipeline, protected from the presence of pipe scale, rust, sediment or any other kind of debris. Y strainers, also referred to as wye strainers, are available in various designs and connection types.
Y strainer design
As its name implies, a Y strainer is shaped like a Y and is used to filter or strain out particulates from steam, gas, or liquid. This mechanical straining process is possible because of a filter element composed of mesh, perforated metal, or a wedge wire straining element. The most common kind of straining element is a wire mesh. Some also include blow-off valves that make the cleaning process easier in applications with more substantial dirt.
Sizing the mesh filter for a Y strainer
A Y strainer cannot function properly without a properly sized mesh filter. There are two terms that describe the size of the openings in the strainer through which debris passes. One is micron and the other is mesh size. Though these are two different measurements, they describe the same thing.
What is a micron?
A micron (micrometer) is a unit of length that’s used to measure tiny particles. For scale, a micrometer is one thousandth of a millimeter or about one 25-thousandths of an inch.
What is mesh size?
A strainers mesh size indicates how many openings there are in the mesh across one linear inch. The ratings typically range from a size 3 mesh screen with 6,730 microns to a size 400 mesh screen with 37 microns.
Micron-to-mesh conversion chart
Table 1 is a handy resource to help convert from mesh to micron (or vice-versa).
Table 1: Converting between micron and mesh size
Mesh Screen Mesh Size Microns
2000 10 0.0787
1680 12 0.0661
1410 14 0.0555
1190 16 0.0469
1000 18 0.0394
841 20 0.0331
707 25 0.028
595 30 0.0232
500 35 0.0197
420 40 0.0165
354 45 0.0138
297 50 0.0117
250 60 0.0098
210 70 0.0083
177 80 0.007
149 100 0.0059
125 120 0.0049
105 140 0.0041
88 170 0.0035
74 200 0.0029
63 230 0.0024
53 270 0.0021
44 325 0.0017
37 400 0.0015
In addition, it can be helpful to see examples of the mesh sizes of certain particles, as shown in Table 2.
Table 2: Mesh sizes of particular particles
Mesh Size Microns Example of particle size
14 0.05551400 –
28 0.028700 Beach Sand
60 0.0098250 Fine Sand
100 0.0059150 –
200 0.002974 Portland Cement
325 0.001744 Silt
400 0.001537 Plant Pollen
Determining proper filter size
It’s important to take the time to size the mesh filter correctly. A mesh filter that is too small or too large can negatively affect the system. If the filter is too small, there will be a higher pressure drop from inlet to outlet. Additionally, removing too much debris from the flow can clog the filter and increase the pressure drop. If the filter is too large, the performance and life span of the downstream equipment can be negatively effected.
Material options
There are various material options for the strainer’s housing and seal. The variety of housing materials fit well with certain environments and media. The seal helps to extend the life of the strainer.
Housing materials
Brass
Stainless steel
(Carbon) steel
Bronze
Cast iron
Ductile iron
Plastics
Seal materials
PTFE: Very common seal material. Handles aggressive environments and low and high temperatures.
Fluoro rubber: There are a few different seal materials that have a fluoro rubber base: FKM, FPM, and Viton. These seals are noted for their resistance to chemicals and weathering.
EPDM: EPDM is similar to fluoro rubber but has different chemical resistances and working temperatures ranges. Learn more in our chemical resistance of materials guide.
How to install a Y strainer
Before installing a Y strainer, ensure the following:
The strainer’s pressure rating is suitable for the intended application.
A Y strainer is a one-way strainer, so ensure the arrow that indicates flow direction will be pointing in the right direction.
The Y strainer can be installed vertically or horizontally, but the filter leg must be pointing downwards to ensure that any filtered material does note interfere with the main flow.
There must be enough space around the filter leg to open it and clean the inside.
When installing a Y strainer:
The strainer should go in front of any equipment it is meant to protect.
The pipes that the strainer will connect to should be supported.
Finally, review the strainer’s manufacturer’s manual to determine if any other special considerations need to be planned
How to clean a Y strainer
The necessary frequency for cleaning the Y strainer depends on the process, mesh size, and materials being filtered. Close off any valve connections to both sides of the strainer, loosen the plug at the end of the filter leg, and empty the collected material from the filter.
Y strainer selection criteria
There are different kinds of Y strainers on the market designed to meet various industry needs. Keep the following criteria in mind:
Port size
Filter size
Housing and filter materials
The temperature in the environment
The pressure level in the environment
Preferred installation orientation
The kind of debris in the system
Ease of maintenance
There is no one-size-fits-all Y strainer that meets every need. That’s why it’s important to understand the application requirements before selecting a strainer.
Typical Y strainer applications
A Y strainer is most valuable in an environment that requires constant protection from debris and contamination. Some of the most common applications are the following.
Steam applications
These strainers are a go-to resource in most steam applications, as their shape is built to handle the high pressure that exists in these environments.
Liquid applications
Liquid applications tend to become infiltrated by sand and gravel, and Y strainers can help keep those particles out to ensure the liquid stays clean. Especially when they work in tandem with other water-handling applications, these strainers can protect important (and expensive) equipment from damage, corrosion, or clogs that could result from such contamination.
Natural gas and air applications
Natural gas and air applications tend to have a low operating pressure, so proper sizing to reduce a pressure drop from inlet to outlet is important.
FAQs
How should I install my strainer?
Y strainers have an arrow from inlet to outlet. It is important to install them in this orientation for proper filtration.
What kind of end connections are available?
Depending on your needs, Y filters can include a variety of end connections, including flanged, threaded and welded. You can also find special flanges, such as ring joints.
What kind of housing material should I choose?
Select the housing material based on the application’s environment. To do this, it’s necessary to understand the chemical resistances of the materials.
Are Y strainers affordable?
A Y strainer is an affordable alternative to other types of strainers, especially at small sizes.
View our online selection of Y strainers and order today!
Brass Y-Strainers
Stainless Steel Y-Strainers
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